August 1, 1770 - William Clark, Born

June 12, 1771 - Sergeant Patrick Gass was born in Pennsylvania

August 18, 1774 - Meriwether Lewis, Born in in Albemarle County, near Charlottesville, Virginia

1796 - Toussaint Charbonneau was a French Canadian fur trader, Toussaint Charbonneau went to live among the Hidatsa and Mandan Indians.

ca 1774 - Expedition member Private John Colter was near Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia. In later years he was credited with being the first white man to enter what is now Yellowstone National Park. The Geysers became known as “Colter’s Hell.” He eventually became a heroic figure among the trappers, traders, and mountain men who settled the American West.

1794 - Lewis joined the U.S. Army, serving six years in the Frontier Army and rising to the rank of captain in 1800, then serving as paymaster of the First Infantry Regiment of the U.S. Army.

Lewis was a childhood protege of Jefferson’s, and they renewed their bond years later while Lewis was on army duty in Charlottesville, Virginia.

July 24, 1799 - York, Captain William Clark’s black “manservant,” who accompanied the Lewis and Clark expedition was bequeathed to William by his father, John Clark, in his will.

1800 - At 12 years old, Sacagawea was kidnapped by a war party of Hidatsa Indians -- enemies of her people, the Shoshones.

March 4,1801 - Thomas Jefferson takes the Oath of Office as the third president of the United States

March 6, 1801 - Lewis is asked by President Jefferson to be his personal secretary. Lewis was a childhood protégeé of Jefferson’s, and they renewed their bond years later while Lewis was on army duty in Charlottesville, Virginia.

January 18,1803 - President Jefferson sent a confidential message to Congress, stating in part, “The river Missouri and the Indians inhabiting it, are not as well known as is rendered desirable by their connection with the Mississippi, and consequently with us. . .”

Jefferson went on to propose that an “intelligent officer with ten or twelve chosen men . . . might explore the whole line, even to the Western Ocean.”

February 28, 1803 -U.S. Congress approporiated $2,500 funding (although actual costs reached $38,722) for expedition Lewis picked as commander. Writes to ask William Clark his vor mer coimmanding officer while in the army.to join him and share command. Clark accepts.

April 30, 1803 - After accepting on offer from Napoleon to buy all of the Lousiana Territory for $15 million (3 cents and acre he was able to speedily and secretly get it passed through Congress

June 19, 1903 Lewis penned a letter to Clark expressing his desire that Clark share the command of the expedition with him, and seeking Clark’s help in populating the expedition with able-bodied and qualified men. Lewis and the President offered him a permanent commission as captain (jumping him up a full rank), with equal rank to Lewis should he accept the command. This offer was made to eliminate any tension that would result from the fact that Clark had been Lewis’ commanding officer in the rifle company at Fort Greenville.

July 3, 1803 - Public announcement of Louisiana Purchase.

July 5, 1803 - Meriwether Lewis left Washington, D.C., for Pittsburgh to begin purchasing supplies and hiring men for the expedition.

July 29, 1803 - Lewis received Clark’s response: “My friend I assure you no man lives with whome I would perfur to undertake Such a Trip &c as your self.”

Summer, 1803 - Large keelboat constructed in Pittsburgh, overseen by Lewis.

August l, 1803 - Sergeant Charles Floyd, one of the “Nine young men from Kentucky" was among the first to volunteer for service in the Corps. His death August 20 was the only fatality among expedition members during the two years, four months and nine days journey.

August 30, 1803 - Lewis, with 11 recruits and his Newfoundland dog, Seaman, departed Pittsburgh in a specially designed keelboat, accompanied by a pirogue (small riverboat) and navigated with difficulty down the Ohio River during a period of low water. To lighten the cargo, Lewis purchased a second pirogue at Wheeling (West Virginia).

Mid-October - Lewis & Clark met at Clark's home in Clarksville, Indiana Territory, (opposite Louisville) near the Falls of the Ohio, to make final preparations for the journey and assemble what would later be named the Corps of Discovery.

October 26,1803 - Clark boarded the keelboat.

November 1803 - George Drouillard, the 28-year-old son of a French Canadian father and Shawnee Indian mother, was recruited by Captain Meriwether Lewis upon reaching Fort Massac. Captain Daniel Bissell, who had been ordered by the War Department to recruit volunteers for the Corps of Discovery, recommended Drouillard as an excellent hunter with a good knowledge of the Indians’ character and sign language.

November 22, 1803 - Sergeant Nathaniel Pryor became lost a few days while hunting.

Mid December - Reached St. Louis in mid-December, 1803. The Spanish commandant at St. Louis denied the explorers entry to Louisiana Territory due to their lack of a Spanish passport. Consequently, they established their camp on the east side of the Mississippi, at River Dubois, Illinois Territory, opposite the confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers.

Fall/Winter, 1803 - Camp Wood established upstream from St. Louis.

January 3, 1804, Patrick Gass enlisted after he had made a personal appeal to Louis.

February 1804 - While Captain Lewis was in St. Louis attending ceremonies for the transference of the Louisiana Territory from France to the United States several men visited a local tavern and got drunk, in defiance of the officer-in-charge Sergeant Ordway’s orders. When Lewis returned, he confined the offenders to the camp area for 10 days.

March 29, 1804 - There were fights among the men. Both Privates John Shields and John Colter disobeyed orders and threatened Sergeant Ordway’s life. Both were put on trial for mutiny where they “asked the forgivness &c & promised to doe better in the future.” Two days later both men were welcomed into the permanent party.

May 14, 1804 -Expedition begins. Clark, commanding all of the members of the Permanent Party, departed Camp Dubois, “and proceeded on under a jentle brease up the Missouri.” The party traveled in a 55-foot-long keelboat and two smaller boats called “pirogues,” manned by a complement of French Canadian "Watermen”.

May 17, 1804 - Privates William Werner, Hugh Hall, and John Collins were tried by court martial and convicted of being absent without leave. Werner and Hall received penalties of 25 lashes “on their bear backs” each, and Collins one hundred lashes for additional offenses.

June 29, 1804 - Sergeant Nathaniel Pryor was the "Presiding” authority at the June 29, 1804, court marshal of Privates John Collins and Hugh Hall, both charged with getting drunk while on duty. (Hadn't they learned after the first time?) The penalties were severe. Collins was sentenced to “receive 100 lashes on his bear Back,” and Hall 50 lashes.

July 4, 1804 - Expedition marks first 4th of July west of the Mississippi by firing the keelboat's cannon, and naming Independence Creek.

July 12, 1804 - Alexander Willard was tried and convicted of sleeping on sentry duty. In the Corps, that offense was punishable by death, but he was instead given the lesser penalty of 100 lashes.

August 2, 1804 - A small group of Missouris and Otos arrived at the Corps’ camp site, which Clark had named Council Bluff (across and downriver from what is now Council Bluffs, Iowa). The leading chiefs were still away hunting, but Lewis and Clark invited six or seven lesser chiefs to a council the next morning

August 3, 1804 - Corps of Discovery meet with representatives of the Oto and Missouri Indians, give peace medals, 15 star flags and other gifts.

August 18, 1804 - The leading Missouri chief, Big Horse, and main Oto chief, Little Thief, met with the Corps. Lewis gave his speech, but Big Horse responded with pointed requests for goods and whiskey. The Corps gave them tobacco, paint and beads, but the Missouri warriors were not satisfied and went away unhappy. Before departing, Little Thief indicated he would go to Washington in the spring.

August 20, 1804 - Near present day Sioux City, Iowa, Sgt. Charles Floyd dies of a probable burst appendix. Captains name hilltops where he is buried Floyd's Bluff and a nearby stream, Floyd's River.

August 22, 1804 - The party elects Patrick Gass to replace Sgt. Floyd who had died two days earlier.

August 25, 1804 - The explorers hiked 20 miles to go to Spirit Mound, which area tribes believe is inhabited by 18 inch tall "little people" or "devils".

August 30, 1804 -The expedition holds a friendly council with Yankton Sioux at Calumet Bluff.

September 7, 1804 - All of the men attempt to drown a never-before-seen prairie dog out of its hole for shipment back to Jefferson.

September 21, 1804 - Near Present day Fort Thompson, the Corps of Discovery comes to the "Great Bend" in the Missouri.

September 25, 1804 - Confrontation with Teton Sioux, who demand one of the expedition's boats as a toll to travel farther upriver. Chief Black Buffalo resolves situation before any fighting. Expedition stays with tribe for 3 more days.

October 8, 1804 - The expedition discovers three Arikara villages. Spends 5 days and holds council with them.

October 13, 1804 - Private John Newman is charged with "mutinous expression" and is found guilty. He receives 75 lashes and is disbanded from the party.

October 24, 1804 - Expedition discovers earthlodge villages of the Mandan and Hidatsas Indians. The captains decide to build Fort Mandan across the river from the main village.

November 4, 1804 - Toussaint Charbonneau, a French Canadian fur trapper living with the Hidatsas, is hired as an interpreter. His wife, Sacagawea, a Shoshone who had been captured by the Hidatsas and sold to Charbonneau, is also considered helpful as the Shoshones are said to live at the headwaters of the Missouri.

December 24, 1804 - Fort Mandan completed, expedition moves in for the winter.

February 11, 1805 - Sacagawea gives birth to baby boy, Jean Baptiste.

March 1805 - A delegation including the main Missouri chief, Big Horse and the leading Oto chief (see August 18, 1804) Little Thief met in Washington, D.C., with President Jefferson, who promised trade goods and told them he hoped for peace.

April 7, 1805 - As the Corps On April 7, 1805, as the Corps prepared to proceed westward with the two pirogues and six dugout canoes, Lewis and Clark decided that the keelboat would be difficult to transport and sent it downstream with specimens they had collected, maps, and detailed reports they had been working on since their departure. The remaining party heads west.

April 29, 1805 - Lewis and another hunter kill a large grizzly bear, which had never before been described for science.

May 29, 1805 - Clark names the Judith River in honor of a girl back in Virginia he hopes to marry.

May 14, 1805 - The boat Sacagawea was riding in was hit by a high wind and nearly capsized. She recovered many important papers and supplies that would otherwise have been lost, and her calmness under duress earned the compliments of the captains.

June 2, 1805 -The expedition comes to a fork in the river. Lewis and Clark believe the south fork is the Missouri, while all of the other men believe it is the north fork. Although they are not convinced that the south fork is the Missouri the captains recount; "they were ready to follow us any where we thought proper to direct."

June 6, 1805 - After ascending the north fork 60 miles, Lewis wrote in his journal: “I now became well convinced that this branch of the Missouri had it’s direction too much to the North for our rout to the Pacific,” confirming that it was not the true Missouri or the correct path to follow westward. He called it Maria's River, it is believed, the lady was Lewis’ cousin, Maria Wood.

June 13, 1805 - Scouting ahead of the rest of the expedition, Lewis comes across the Great Falls of the Missouri. He also discovers four more waterfalls farther upstream. The expedition will have to portage over eighteen miles, taking nearly a month, to get past them.

Late July, 1805 - The expedition reaches the three forks of the Missouri River, and name them the Gallatin, the Madison, and the Jefferson, after the Secretary of the Treasury, Albert Gallatin, the Secretary of State, James Madison, and President Thomas Jefferson. The expedition continues southwest, up the Jefferson.

August 8, 1805 - Sacagawea recognizes Beaverhead Rock and says they are nearing the headwaters of the Missouri, and her people, the Shoshones. Lewis and three others scout ahead.

August 12, 1805 - The shipment sent from Fort Mandan arrives in the East and is delivered to Jefferson.

August 1805 - Clark, who was exploring the navigability of the north fork of the Salmon River (Idaho), delivered a message and a horse to Lewis, who was following with the main party. Clark’s note described the impassability of the Salmon River route and suggested that the explorers follow the recommendation of their Shoshone guide Old Toby to ascend the steep, mountainous, inter-tribal route leading to Lost Trail Pass -- which they did, with great difficulty

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August 12, 1805 - Lewis ascends the final ridge toward the Continental Divide expecting to see plains and a river flowing to the Pacific, but he finds even more mountains.

August 13, 1805 - Some Shoshone women gathering food a few miles from their village saw four strangers drawing near. It was Lewis and three of his men. Fearful at first, the women saw that the men were friendly after Lewis laid down his gun, gave them trinkets and painted their faces with vermilion, a symbol of peace. The women convinced an arriving war party of 60 Shoshones that the strangers were friendly...

August 17, 1805 - Lewis discovers a village of Shoshones and tries to negotiate for horses. Clark and the rest of the expedition arrives as well, and it is discovered that the Shoshone Chief Cameahwait is Sacagawea's brother. Lewis and Clark name the site Camp Fortunate.

August 31, 1805 - The expedition sets out with a Shoshone guide called Old Toby, along with 29 horses and a mule.

September 9, 1805 - The expedition camps at present day Missoula, Montana, a spot Lewis and Clark called Travelers Rest to prepare for the mountain crossing.

September 22, 1805 - After nearly starving in the mountains the expedition emerges near present-day Weippe, Idaho.

September 1805 - Three young Nez Perce boys spotted Captain William Clark and a few men approaching the cluster of Nez Perce lodges.

October 1805 - The Walla Wallas and their chief Yelleppit encountered Lewis and Clark for the first time. Yelleppit asked them to stay with his people but they were in a hurry to reach the Pacific. They did promise to return to the village on the way back.

October 16, 1805 - The expedition reaches the Columbia River.

October 18, 1805 - Clark sees Mount Hood in the distance, named by a British sea captain in 1792, proof that they are near the ocean.

October 1805 - Arrived at Nixluidix, meaning “trading place.” It was a Wishram village and a primary center of the area’s trade. Here at the Dalles an almost unlimited amount of salmon was available in the 12-mile stretch of the Columbia River

October 26, 1805 - Two Chinook chiefs and several men came to the expedition’s camp to offer gifts of deer meat and root bread cakes. The captains responded by presenting the chiefs with medals and the men with trinkets.

November 7, 1805 - Clark, who believes he can see the ocean writes his most famous journal entry: "Ocian in view! O! the joy." The expedition is actually still 20 miles from the sea. Terrible storms halt the expedition for nearly 3 weeks.

November 12, 1805 - the party was stranded by a fierce storm on the estuary of the Columbia, “Three men, Bratten Gibson and Willard...”attempted to round Point Distress (today’s Point Ellice), “where they were obliged to return, the waves tossing them about at will.”

November 18, 1805 - Clark, accompanied by Pryor and seven others, hiked downriver from their “Station Camp,” situated on the north (Washington State) shore of the Columbia River estuary at today’s Chinook Point, to see the “mainZ ocean.”

November 24, 1805 - By majority vote the expedition decides to cross to the south side of the Columbia River to build winter quarters.

December 12, 1805 - Chief Coboway of the Clatsops visited the expedition at Fort Clatsop, which was still under construction. He exchanged some goods, including a sea otter pelt, for fishhooks and a small bag of Shoshone tobacco. Over the rest of the winter, Coboway would be a frequent and welcome vistor to Fort Clatsop.

Christmastime 1805 - Some of the men were directed to establish a salt works at the nearest suitable coastal area. The salt was used to preserve elk and deer meat and for cooking and table use. The salt works was established at a protected beach site, 15 miles south of the Fort. In late February, they completed their work, having produced 20 gallons of salt, 12 gallons of which were packed in two ironbound kegs for use during the return journey.

January 4, 1806 - President Jefferson welcomes a delegation of Missouri, Oto, Arikara, and Yankton Sioux chiefs who had met with Lewis and Clark more than a year earlier.

January 1806 - The expedition’s food supplies were running low, and the Clatsops informed the Corps that a whale had washed ashore some miles to the south. The Tillamooks were quick to make use of the creature. After the Corps heard about the whale, Clark led a party south from the expedition’s winter residence at Fort Clatsop to trade for blubber.

March 7, 1806 - The expedition runs out of tobacco. They had run out of their whiskey ration the previous fourth of July.

March 23, 1806 - Fort Clatsop is presented to the Clatsop Indian, for which it was named, and the expedition begins the journey home.

April 1,1806 - Returning up the Columbia,, the party had reached their “Quicksand River,” (now Sandy River), above Portland, Oregon.

April 10,1806 - Continuing eastward, the explorers encountered the turbulent, non-navigable whitewater rapids of the Cascades of the Columbia, the source for the name of the Cascade Mountain Range. The men drew the canoes upstream with cords but the force was too much.

April 20,1806 - At Celilo Falls, the “Great Falls of the Columbia,” now inundated by the The Dalles Dam, the captains expected to trade their canoes for Indian horses.

April 1806 - Lewis & Clark kept their promise and spent three days with Chief Yelleppit and the Walla Wallas

May - Late June, 1806 - The expedition reaches the Bitterroot mountains, but must wait for the snow to melt before crossing them. During this time the expedition again stays with the Nez Perce, Lewis describes them as "the most hospitable, honest and sincere people that we have met with in our voyage."

July 3, 1806 - Having crossed the Bitterroots again, Lewis and Clark divided the Corps into three separate commands. With three men, Lewis traveled north to determine the source of the Maria’s River for the purpose of establishing the northern extent of the Louisiana Purchase Territory. Clark led a detachment that explored the Yellowstone River from near its source to its confluence with the Missouri. Gass was entrusted with the command of the remainder of the men to make the 18 mile overland return portage around the Great Falls of the Missouri.

July 14, 1806 - During the expedition’s return journey, as they passed through her homeland, Sacagawea proved a valuable guide. She remembered Shoshone trails from her childhood, and Clark praised her as his “pilot.” The most important trail she recalled, which Clark described as “a large road passing through a gap in the mountain,” led to the Yellowstone River.

July 25, 1806 - Near present-day Billings, Montana, Clark names a sandstone outcropping Pompy's Tower, after Sacagawea's son, nicknamed Little Pomp. On the rock face Clark enscribes his name and the date.

July 25?????,1806. Lewis traveled north from the Great Falls of the Missouri to the Marias, then upstream northwesterly towards the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains, within today’s Blackfeet Indian Reservation. It was on this excursion that the most northerly point of the entire mission was reached at what Lewis called “Camp Disappointment.”

The next day, a skirmish took place with a party of Blackfeet Indians in which two Indians perished, the only Indian fatalities of the entire 8,000 mile round trip. The place of the confrontation is now known as the “Two Medicine River Fight Site.” Both Camp Disappointment and the Fight Site are near present day Cut Bank, Montana.

July 26-27, 1806 - While making their way back to the Missouri, Lewis' party encounters eight Blackfeet warriors. They camp together, but the morning of the 27th the party catches the blackfeet attempting to steal their horses and guns. During a fight two of the Blackfeet were killed.

August 12, 1806 - All three parties are reunited downstream from the mouth of the Yellowstone River.

August 14, 1806 - The expedition returns to the Mandan village. Charbonneau, Sacagawea, and Jean Baptist stay, while John Colter is granted permission to return to the Yellowstone to trap beaver.

August 17, 1806 - Toussaint Charbonneau, his wife, Sacagawea, and their son, Jean Baptiste were mustered out of the Corps. Gass, the only journalist to report it, states that as a parting gift to Toussaint, “the Commanding Officers gave him the blacksmith’s tools supposing they might be useful.”

September, 1806 - With the current of the Missouri behind them, they are able to cover over 70 miles per day. The expedition also begins meeting boats of American traders heading upriver.

September 23, 1806 - Lewis and Clark reach St. Louis. Lewis entrusted Drouillard with the delivery of the first letters containing reports of the expedition to the postmaster in Cahokia. These letters were then sent on to President Jefferson.

October 1806 - After completing the expedition and returning to St. Louis, Lewis and Clark led a cavalcade eastward that included Mandan and Osage Indian representatives. The packtrain was loaded with whatever “plants, seeds, bird skins, animal skeletons, and furs [that] had not been ruined in water-soaked caches,” in addition to their journals and Clark’s large map of the American West. Clark and York stopped in Louisville to meet Clark’s family and visit with Julia “Judy” Hancock, Clark’s future wife.

December 25, 1806 - Lewis spends Christmas with his mother at his home at Ivy Creek ,Albemarle County, Virginia,

Mid-January 1807 - Lewis and Clark are treated as national heroes. They return to Washington, D.C. The men receive double pay (amounting to $1228.) and 320 acres of land as reward, the captains get 1,600 acres. Lewis is named governor of the Louisiana Territory, Clark is made Indian agent for the West and brigadier general of the territory's militia.

March 1807 - Lewis takes office as Governor of the Territory of Upper Louisiana, then travels to Philadelphia to seek out editors and publishers for his and Clark’s journals. (He never followed through with providing the publishers with the manuscript.)

Summer 1807 - After a couple of unsuccessful attempts at marrying, Louis's growing drinking problem strained his relationship with President Jefferson as he failed to return to St. Louis to take up his duties as governor.

January 5, 1808 - Clark married Julia "Judith" Hancock in Fincastle, Virginia.

March 1808 - A year late, Lewis finally arrives at St. Louis to take up his duties as governor. By thas time, the city was awash with opportunists, land speculators, eager traders, and Native Americans, who were becoming increasingly restless in anticipation of the changes that were to come to the Louisiana Territory.

Summer 1808 - Clark became a business partner in the newly-formed Missouri Fur Company, which planned to send militia units, hunters, and boatsmen up the Missouri to develop the American fur trading industry.

September, 1809 - Lewis fled St. Louis after trying in vain to mediate between the Natives and commercial interests.

October 11, 1809 - Lewis commits suicide at Grinders Stand, an inn south of Nashville and was buried next to the tavern. His grave lies within Natchez Trace National Parkway, near Hohenwald, Tennessee. Today the site is marked by a monument that was erected in his honor in 1846.

Fall 1809 - Toussaint Charbonneau, Sacagawea and Baptiste boarded a Missouri Fur Company barge and traveled to St. Louis, where he cashed in his voucher, and he, together with all of the enlisted men, were granted land warrants for a total of 320 acres each.

1809 -York asked Clark for his freedom, or to be hired out near Louisville to be closer to his wife, who had a different owner. ( Following the expedition the black man had again become a slave. At first, Clark refused, but in 1809, he sent York to be near his wife in Kentucky. (It would be at least 10 years after the expedition returned that Clark finally granted York his freedom.) York went into the freighting business in Kentucky and Tennessee, and purportedly died of cholera sometime before 1832.

1810 - Drouillard, who had returned after the Corps was disbanded to the Three Forks region of the upper Missouri was killed and mutilated by Indians while a member of Manuel Lisa’s 1810 fur trading party.

1811 - Charbonneau was not suited to tilling the soil, he sold his land to Clark for $100. and went to work for the Missouri Fur Company. He and Sacagawea departed up the river, aboard a company barge, leaving their son Baptiste in the care of Clark, who would see to the boy’s education.

1837 - Expedition member Private George Gibson died in St. Louis

December 22, 1812 - Sacagawea dies at Fort Manuel following childbirth. Clark, who is in St. Louis, assumes custody of Jean Baptiste, as well as her new daughter, Lisette. (At 18 , Baptiste was sent to Europe with a German prince. It is not known whether Lisette survived past infancy.)

1813 - Clark was named Governor of the Missouri Territory until the state of Missouri was created in 1820

1814 - The journals of Louis & Clark finally published which were finally published in 1814. Clark, following Louis's death had gone to Philadelphia to arrange for the rewriting of their journals, with Clark’s map as a supplement.

1823 - t age 18, while living in a traders’ village at the mouth of the Kansas River, he met Prince Paul Wilhelm of Wuertemberg, Germany, who was on a scientific mission to America. Baptiste’s unusual combination of frontier skills and cultural attainment intrigued the prince, who took him under his patronage. The young man accompanied Paul to Europe, where he was exposed to the sophisticated, aristocratic environment of a German court. Baptiste enjoyed the royal lifestyle for six years, becoming fluent in four languages.

1829 - Returning to America in 1829, he set aside his cultivated manners and fell into the rough and tumble existence of the mountain man. He ranged the length and breadth of the American West, hunting trapping, guiding and exploring.

1830 - Clark appointed former expedition member Nathaniel Pryor sub-agent for the Osage Indian's Clermont band in present-day northeast Oklahoma where he had started a family and been trading for some time. He represented the tribe in negotiations with nearby military Forts Smith and Gibson.

June 10, 1831 - Expedition member Sergeant Nathaniel Pryor died

1833-34 - Charbonneau provided interpreter services for Prince Maximilian of Wied, Germany, who wintered on the upper Missouri.

1837 - Expedition member Private Robert Frazer died

September 1, 1838 - William Clark dies of natural causes at the home in St. Louis, Missouri and is buried in the family plot.

1839 - Charbonneau visited St. Louis to collect back pay owed to him.

1840 - Charbonneau vanished - Probably whilte travelling to the upper Missouri

1843 - Baptiste Charbonneau settled his father's estate.

1846 - Baptiste scouted the way west from New Mexico to California for the Mormon Battalion.

1847 - Discharged from the Mormon Battalion, Baptiste was appointed a magestrate of the San Luis Rey Mission.

1861 - Baptiste was recorded as a hotel clerk in Auburn, California after trying his luck in the 1859 California Gold rush.

1865, - Private Alexander Willard died and was buried in near Sacramento, California.

1866 - Baptiste left Auburn with two companions and headed for new gold discoveries in Montana. Enroute, Jean Baptiste, at the age of 61, died of pneumonia and was buried in a remote, primitive cemetery in the tiny Jordan Valley hamlet of Danner, Oregon.

April 2, 1870 - Patrick Gass died at age 99 in Wellsburg, West Virginia.